Critically injured patients are characterized by hypermetabolism and accelerated catabolism,
leading to rapid malnutrition. The prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalized patients
is as high as 50% [
1
,
2
]. Inadequate nutrition is associated with an increased risk of morbidity, mortality,
and longer hospital stays [
[3]
]. Most trauma patients are well nourished before injury. These patients are candidates
for nutritional support because of the hypercatabolic state associated with multiple
trauma. Adjuvant nutritional therapy has developed an expanding role in clinical intensive
care, as the medical community begins to understand the immune system, sepsis, multiple
organ dysfunction, and wound healing. With a better understanding of the endogenous
responses to injury, more can be learned about the mediators of these responses. These
mediators can be manipulated through improved insight into nutritional support, its
timing, complications, and its role in the full recuperation of patients from the
acute phase to rehabilitation.To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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